Lung Cancer
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide, with 90% of cases being attributable to smoking. It is the second most common cancer, and it is a malignancy that affects either the lung tissue or the airways.
Overview
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Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide, with 90% of cases being attributable to smoking. It is the second most common cancer, and it is a malignancy that affects either the lung tissue or the airways. Risk factors for lung cancer include cigarette smoking, asbestos, radon and family history of lung cancer. Lung cancer can be sporadic or associated to a hereditary cancer syndrome.
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Hereditary cancer syndromes are encountered in all medical specialties. Although they account for about 5% of all malignancies, it is of special importance to identify these patients because, unlike patients with sporadic cancers, they require special, long-term care as their predisposition can cause them to develop certain tumors at a relatively early age. Most hereditary cancers are associated with a “germline mutation” that will be present in every cell of the human body. Identification of patients at risk of inherited cancer susceptibility is dependent upon the ability to characterize genes and alterations associated with increased cancer risk as well as gathering a detailed personal and family history aiding in the identification of the mode of inheritance as well as other family members at risk of suffering from this susceptibility. Most hereditary cancer syndromes follow an autosomal dominant inheritance, and the penetrance is high.
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The Igenomix Lung Cancer Precision Panel provides a comprehensive analysis of the most common genes responsible for the development of a malignant growth in the airways or lung tissue using next-generation sequencing (NGS) to fully understand the spectrum of relevant lung cancer predisposition genes.
Clinical Utility
The clinical utility of this panel is:
- The genetic and molecular diagnosis for an accurate clinical diagnosis of a patient with personal or family history suggestive of a hereditary cancer syndrome with predisposition to lung cancer.
- Early initiation of treatment with a multidisciplinary team for appropriate total body screening, early surgical intervention, or pharmacologic treatment.
- Risk assessment and genetic counselling of asymptomatic family members according to the mode of inheritance
- Reduce morbidity related to lung cancer, or morbidity secondary to complications of surveillance and treatment.
- Categorization of genetic alterations into predictive levels of standard, investigational or hypothetic target therapies in the molecular pathology reports.
- Improved pathways from diagnosis to treatment in susceptible populations.
References
Parikh A. R. (2019). Lung Cancer Genomics. Acta medica academica, 48(1), 78–83. https://doi.org/10.5644/ama2006-124.244
National Comprehensive Cancer Network. (2021). Retrieved from https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/default.aspx#detection
Lara-Guerra, H., & Roth, J. A. (2016). Gene Therapy for Lung Cancer. Critical reviews in oncogenesis, 21(1-2), 115–124. https://doi.org/10.1615/CritRevOncog.2016016084
Tímár, J., Méhes, G., & Vass, L. (2020). A tüdőrák molekuláris diagnosztikájának modern szemlélete és klinikai jelentősége [Molecular diagnostics of lung cancer and its clinical relevance]. Magyar onkologia, 64(3), 183–189.
Nishimura, T., Nakamura, H., Végvári, Á., Marko-Varga, G., Furuya, N., & Saji, H. (2019). Current status of clinical proteogenomics in lung cancer. Expert review of proteomics, 16(9), 761–772. https://doi.org/10.1080/14789450.2019.1654861