Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) is a genetically heterogeneous group of disorders resulting from genetic defects in both cellular and humoral immunity where there is an impaired lymphocyte development and function. Aside from lymphocytes, other components of the innate and adaptive immune system such as neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, complement proteins and natural killer cells are affected. Children present with bacterial, viral and fungal infections that begin during infancy and result in fatal outcome in the first few years of life if untreated. Early, accurate and precise diagnosis have enabled major advances in the care of infants with SCID, including better outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The mode of inheritance of SCID determines the severity of the disease as different modes of inheritance will determine the immune cells that will be affected. Autosomal, sporadic or X-linked patterns may affect the neonate.
The Igenomix Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Precision Panel can be used for an accurate and directed diagnosis as well as differential diagnosis of early recurrent infections ultimately leading to a better management and prognosis of the disease. It provides a comprehensive analysis of the genes involved in this disease using next-generation sequencing (NGS) to fully understand the spectrum of relevant genes involved.
The clinical utility of this panel is:
Kanegane, H., Imai, K., & Morio, T. (2017). Nihon Rinsho Men’eki Gakkai kaishi = Japanese journal of clinical immunology, 40(3), 145–154. https://doi.org/10.2177/jsci.40.145
Fischer, A., Notarangelo, L. D., Neven, B., Cavazzana, M., & Puck, J. M. (2015). Severe combined immunodeficiencies and related disorders. Nature reviews. Disease primers, 1, 15061. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrdp.2015.61
Justiz Vaillant, A. A., & Mohseni, M. (2020). Severe Combined Immunodeficiency. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.
Cossu F. (2010). Genetics of SCID. Italian journal of pediatrics, 36, 76. https://doi.org/10.1186/1824-7288-36-76
Rivers, L., & Gaspar, H. B. (2015). Severe combined immunodeficiency: recent developments and guidance on clinical management. Archives of disease in childhood, 100(7), 667–672. https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2014-306425
Zhang, C., Zhang, Z., Wu, J., Tang, X., Yang, X., Jiang, L., & Zhao, X. (2011). Clinical characteristics and mutation analysis of X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency in China. World Journal Of Pediatrics, 9(1), 42-47. doi: 10.1007/s12519-011-0330-4
Sponzilli, I., & Notarangelo, L. D. (2011). Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID): from molecular basis to clinical management. Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis, 82(1), 5–13.
